In the backdrop of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, cyber analysts have documented an increasing number of hacking incidents attributed to groups linked to the Chinese government, targeting Russian firms and government bodies in an apparent effort to acquire military intelligence. The surge in these cyber intrusions began shortly after Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in May 2022 and has persisted even as leaders from both nations profess the importance of their collaboration.

This hacking campaign underscores a dual reality; while China and Russia publicly display a façade of friendship and shared interests, China's actions suggest a view of Russia as a ripe source of intelligence. Notably, one group called Sanyo recently targeted a major Russian engineering firm, attempting to gather sensitive information about nuclear submarine technology, as reported by cybersecurity firm TeamT5.

Despite its own formidable military and economic prowess, China still grapples with a lack of battlefield experience among its troops. Experts suggest that the Ukraine conflict serves as an opportunity for China to acquire insights into modern military strategies, Western technologies, and their effectiveness in combat scenarios. Che Chang, a researcher from TeamT5, notes that collecting intelligence on Russia's operations in Ukraine and its military advancements is reportedly of high interest to China.

While the success of these hacking attempts remains difficult to assess, Russian authorities have not openly acknowledged these breaches, indicating an underlying concern. A classified document from Russia’s F.S.B. explicitly refers to China as a potential adversary, highlighting a growing unease regarding Chinese ambitions related to Russian military expertise and technology.

This situation poses a striking paradox; it reveals the fragility of alliances amid global power dynamics, where even perceived allies can engage in espionage against one another, driven by national interests.