The worsening conditions have led to rising health concerns, with cases of leptospirosis—also known as "rat fever"—reported in significant numbers. Local hospitals have documented multiple cases, urging officials to take action. Leptospirosis is known to spread through contaminated water or soil, presenting severe health risks, including jaundice and kidney failure.

In response, Sarajevo officials have begun implementing emergency measures aimed at addressing the crisis. Clean-up crews have been mobilized to disinfect public spaces, while schools have been tasked with cleaning playgrounds and checking for rodents. This proactive strategy stands in stark contrast to the previous two years, during which a lack of pest control measures allowed the rodent population to flourish.

Sarajevo Canton Health Minister Enis Hasanovic emphasized that the situation represents a failure of communal hygiene, while former health official Sebija Izetbegović warns that the rodent problem might escalate further, increasing the threat of hantavirus. Although current leptospirosis cases haven't escalated to critical severity, health officials continue to caution against complacency, as the potential for a public health emergency looms.