It's been an incredibly difficult two years, says Phil Rosenberg, president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews. I think our Jewish identity is being worn far more heavily these days given the pain of it all.

Conflict in the Middle East has had a profound impact on British Jewish society. The attacks of October 7 were personally felt, as British Jews were among the victims, and the devastation in Gaza has sparked strong reactions. With a surge in antisemitism culminating in violent attacks against the community during key Jewish celebrations, the emotional and societal toll is unprecedented.

Recent incidents such as the mass shooting during Hanukkah celebrations in Sydney, Australia and targeted attacks on synagogues in the UK reflect a climate of insecurity and rising hatred that is altering the lived experiences of British Jews. The conviction that maintaining a safe Israel is vital for British Jews has intensified among many, while others feel their connection to Israel is threatened by the ongoing violence.

Surveys indicate a generational divide within the Jewish community regarding views on Zionism and Israel, with younger Jews increasingly questioning historical narratives and the relationship with the state of Israel. This divergence in opinion highlights a broader conversation about identity, community, and the perception of security moving forward.

As community leaders like Phil Rosenberg articulate concerns for safety and representation, the need for open dialogue and solidarity within the Jewish community becomes crucial. Many are learning to navigate this current landscape while seeking to understand how the evolving political and social context around Israel and Palestine affects their identity and sense of belonging.