The girl was raped on May 26, allegedly by a local man who was later arrested. She had been found with severe injuries, including knife wounds, and was initially treated at a smaller hospital before being transferred to PMCH for urgent care. PMCH, the state's oldest medical college, faced backlash after a video surfaced showing opposition Congress party members clashing with hospital staff over the treatment delay, leading to protests across the state.

Prominent opposition leaders have criticized the government, currently controlled by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Janata Dal United (JD-U), accusing them of gross mismanagement in the healthcare system. Congress leader Rahul Gandhi called the situation "extremely shameful," demanding accountability for the negligence that led to the child's prolonged suffering.

The girl belonged to the Dalit community, who often face significant discrimination in India despite legal protections. Various organizations, including the National Human Rights Commission and the National Commission for Women, have condemned the incident and called for an investigation into the hospital's actions. As the state prepares for elections, the incident has cast a shadow over Bihar's healthcare services, raising serious concerns about existing infrastructure and resources. In an editorial critical of the state's medical facilities, the Times of India reported that many essential machinery in government hospitals remain non-functional, exacerbating public health crises.